ABSTRACT
Background@#Loss of internal rotation stability is the major cause of pain after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).Many authors described measures to treat this problem to no avail. This is the first study evaluating the role of lateral release with double-bundle ACLR to prevent patellofemoral malalignment after ACLR. @*Methods@#A total of 100 patients were included in this prospective study between January 2018 and December 2019. We compared single-bundle ACLR (group 1, n = 30), double-bundle ACLR (group 2, n = 30), and double-bundle ACLR with lateral release (group 3, n = 40). Clinical outcome was evaluated with the Kujala score while radiological outcome was evaluated using the tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TTTG) distance in magnetic resonance imaging. The preoperative and postoperative values were compared. @*Results@#At the final follow-up of 6–18 months, group 3 showed the lowest TTTG value (6.7 ± 4.69) compared to group 2 (9.1 ± 4.83) and group 1 (11.74 ± 1.76) (p = 0.03). The Kujala score was significantly improved in all groups: from 68.83 to 89.90 in group 1, from 70.02 to 91.23 in group 2, and from 69.71 to 95.05 in group 3 (p = 0.03). Group 3 showed the most superior improvement in the Kujala score (25.34) compare to group 1 (21.07) and group 3 (21.21) (p = 0.012). @*Conclusions@#Concomitant lateral retinacular release significantly improved the Kujala score. It may serve as a valuable option to overcome patellofemoral pain syndrome in ACLR.
ABSTRACT
Background: The therapeutic value of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is attributable in part to paracrine pathways triggered by several secreted factors secreted into culture media. The secreted factor here is known as the conditioned medium (CM) or secretome. Objectives: This review is aimed to investigate and summarise the in-vitro, pre-clinical in-vivo studies regarding the role of CM-MSC in bone regeneration from 2007 until 2018 Data Sources: A systematic literature search on PubMed, MEDLINE, OVID, Scopus and Cochrane library was carried out by using search terms: Secretome, conditioned medium, mesenchymal stem cell, bone healing, osteogenic, osteogenesis. Methods: A total of 611 articles were reviewed. Ten articles were identified as relevant for this systematic literature review. Results: Three tables of studies were constructed for in vitro studies and in-vivo studies. Conclusion: All of the included in-vitro studies and in-vivo studies have shown a promoting effect of bone regeneration at various stages. Although there are no clinical studies regarding the use of CM-MSC in the human bone regeneration that have been conducted, transplantation of secretome has shown a promising result in the acceleration of bone healing process.
ABSTRACT
Biomechanical abnormalities of pronated feet accompanied by functional leg length disparity may increase the risk of skeletal muscle injury. Objective of the study is to prove that correction of pronated feet by the foot orthoses will reduce the creatine kinase-MM (CK-MM) concentrations as the muscle injury indicator. The design study was double blind randomized clinical trials with control. Research subjects were divided into two groups, group 1 used the foot orthoses while group 2 did not used the foot orthoses. The whole subject examined the concentrations of the CK-MM enzyme before, and 24–72 hours after the walking test. The walking test was conducted 15 minutes with maximum speed. The concentration of the CK-MM enzyme before walking test on treatment group was 70.07±15.33 International Unit (IU), similar with the control group was 69.85±17.03 IU (P=0.971). The increased in CK-MM enzyme concentrations 45 hours after the walking test was lower in the treatment group (7.8±9 IU) than the control group (22.0±11.5 IU) (P=0.001). The CK-MM enzyme concentrations continued to decline in the treatment group after the second walking test (77.21±17.47 IU), and after the third walking test (69.86±11.88 IU) (P=0.018). The foot orthoses for correcting the pronated feet on the young women with biomechanical abnormalities is able to reduce the degree of the skeletal muscle injury after walking activity.